Após a divulgação dos dados e resultados dos participantes do Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (Enem) de 2010 nas capitais do país, juntamente com a aprovação (pelo Senado) da lei que reserva 50% das vagas nas universidades federais para cotas sociais e raciais, muitos questionamentos e discussões surgiram em torno do assunto.
Nesse sentido, nós do InfoEnem achamos pertinente compartilhar com vocês leitores e aspirantes a uma vaga no ensino superior público, independente da cor e classe social, breve síntese de uma matéria muito interessante publicada no site do Estadão nesta segunda-feira (13).
O texto se apoia nas estatísticas da edição de 2010 do Enem para cada uma das capitais, e mostra as discrepâncias, em termos de média de desempenho (nota no exame), entre alunos de escolas particulares e alunos de escolas públicas, brancos de escolas particulares e negros de escolas públicas, brancos e negros de escolas públicas e também entre negros de escolas particulares e negros de escolas públicas. Veja as informações nos tópicos abaixo.
- Alunos da rede particular em geral x alunos da rede pública em geral: a nota dos alunos de escolas particulares foi, em média, 17% maior que a dos estudantes de escolas públicas, lembrando que a cor da pele é descartada neste dado.
- Alunos brancos da rede particular x alunos negros da rede pública: as notas tiradas pelos alunos brancos de escolas particulares no exame foram, em média, 21% superiores às dos negros da rede pública;
- Alunos brancos da rede pública x alunos negros da rede pública: na média, os brancos apresentaram notas 3% maiores que os negros.
- Alunos negros da rede particular x alunos negros da rede pública: a nota média de negros que estudam em escola privada é 15% superior às dos negros da rede pública.
Ressaltamos que são apenas dados. Fatos apresentados de maneira cru , imparcial e que não remete nenhum posicionamento quanto a polêmica. Pelo menos por enquanto.
Veja também:
- Senado aprova cota social de 50 % nas federais
- STF decide que o sistema de cotas é constitucional
- Manual Enem 2012: Um presente do InfoEnem
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Esses dados só mostra que não é necessário cotas para cor e sim melhora a educação nas escolas públicas, que é pessima.
No final do texto você diz o seguinte: “Ressaltamos que são apenas dados. Fatos apresentados de maneira cru , imparcial e que não remete nenhum posicionamento quanto a polêmica”.
Porém, ao pararmos para analisar a estrutura da “pesquisa”, ela foi construída com base num posicionamento que não condiz com a imparcialidade.
Faltam as seguintes comparações:
1- Alunos brancos da rede particular x alunos brancos da rede pública.
2- Alunos brancos da rede pública x alunos brancos da rede particular.
A pesquisa deveria ser imparcial, mas não é. Se fosse, todas as possíveis combinações entre os dois grupos analisados teriam sido mostradas. (Não li o site do jornal que você citou. Estou apenas utilizando os dados que você mencionou aqui na sua postagem. Se lá estiver diferente, é outra história).
Os posicionamentos muitas vezes não estão explícitos para o leitor comum (leia-se segundo grau completo). Mas qualquer leitor mais crítico ou com formação acadêmica (de qualidade) conseguirá extrair bem mais de um texto jornalístico.